The movement’s time in power in Egypt provides a rare perspective into the its ideology, influence on Egyptian policy, and relations with Israel. The military coup that removed the Brotherhood from power has cast doubt on its influence on Egypt’s future.
(Photo Credit: Wikimedia)
Shifts in Turkey’s domestic political orientation have led to a change in Ankara’s perceptions of its foreign policy roles and capabilities. The US has misunderstood and largely ignored this shift, failing to understand the implications of Turkey’s transformation under the AKP. A strong and comprehensive policy towards Turkey is long overdue.
Despite a perception to the contrary, Israel is not isolated in the international community. Since the end of the Cold War Israel has developed strong ties with most United Nations member states. Attempts to harm Israel through the BDS (boycotts, divestments, sanctions) campaign have failed. Israel’s strategic relationship with the United States should be further developed in order to ensure Israel’s important standing in the international community.
The Palestinians refuse to accept Israel as a Jewish state and are reluctant to drop their armed and ideological opposition to Israel’s existence. The global community can oppose Palestinian denial of Israel’s connection to the land; support Israel’s legitimacy; resettle Palestinian refugees outside of Israel; modify aid programs to reduce Palestinian use of foreign money to support terror; and encourage free speech in Palestinian society.
Inspired by Foreign Minister Davutoğlu’s Strategic Depth doctrine, Turkey has pursued a more active role in the Middle East and surrounding region. Bucking the trend of Turkey’s secular Kemalist legacy, the government seeks to revive the glory of the Ottoman Empire and establish itself as a global power. The study examines the reasons behind Turkey’s shift in policy, discusses Turkey’s role in the “Arab Spring,” and assesses regional and global ramifications.
January 29, 1992 marked the beginning of a new age in India’s relations with the State of Israel. After more than four decades of distant and often hostile relations between the two countries, India’s foreign minister announced that full diplomatic ties had been made official. The door was now open to the development of economic, military and political cooperation between the Republic of India and Israel.
Dramatic events have unfolded in the Middle East since the beginning of 2011. This unstable environment indicates trouble for Israel. What follows is an assessment of the implications of the changing regional environment for Israel’s national security.
This important study, based on previously classified data, refutes Palestinian claims that Israel is denying West Bank Palestinians water rights negotiated under the Oslo Accords.
Since India and Israel first established diplomatic relations in 1992, defense cooperation has played a major role in bilateral ties, with India emerging as one of Israel’s largest arms clients. Furthermore,this relationship has strengthened since the 1998 ascendance to power of the Hindu-oriented Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) of India, which emphasized the threat of Islamist terrorism, thus making Israel a natural ally. Just as Israel faces tremendous security threats from Iran, due to its nuclear program and support for terrorist groups like Hamas and Hizballah, India remains concerned with the Pakistani nuclear arsenal and Pakistan-based terrorist activities.
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When the first Qassam rocket landed in the town of Sderot in October 2001, few observers, if any, perceived it as the harbinger of a protracted and increasingly furious campaign by the radical Palestinian groups in Gaza against Israel’s population centers adjacent to the Gaza Strip (the so called “Gaza envelope” communities) by ballistic weapons.
Ever since Syria’s loss of the Golan Heights to Israel in the June 1967 Six Day War, the strategic plateau has been a matter of contention between the two states. Immediately after the war, Israel offered to withdraw from the Heights in exchange for a peace treaty, but was rebuffed. Subsequently, Israel established a civilian presence on the plateau and in December 1981 decided to extend Israeli law to the area – a de facto annexation.
Tensions between Ankara and Jerusalem have escalated since Turkey harshly criticized Israel following its invasion of the Gaza Strip in December 2008 (Operation Cast Lead). This is due to a reorientation in Turkish foreign policy, characterized by moving away from the West and by a desire for better relations with Muslim states.
The US invasion of Iraq in April 2003 generated a new set of threats and challenges for the Arab states of the GCC, including the possibility of Sunni- and Shi’i- instigated terrorism spreading to the GCC states from Iraq, and, as in Iraq, the outbreak of sectarian fighting in these states.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict over the Land of Israel has evolved over the past hundred years. Nowadays, most attempts to solve this conflict revolve around the two-state paradigm. However, a solution based on this paradigm is unlikely to emerge in the near future.
Islamic terrorism is financed by a global array of individuals, fronts, businesses, banks, criminal enterprises, nominally humanitarian organizations and states. Financial flows take a variety of routes – some complex, some simple, but all are evasive. The combined annual budget of Islamic terror groups between 1995-2005 hovers around the US $1 billion mark – the equivalent of $100 million per annum. This represents a substantial increase from estimates for the years 1984-1994 of US $80 million.
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Seldom are wars good things, but good things often come from them. They have caused profound social change in Western societies, increasing political rights, literacy, educational opportunities, and numerous technological advances from radar to antibiotics. Equally important is the fact that war presents opportunities for the victors to advance their interests in international politics. For Israel, the wars in 1967, 1969-1970, and 1973 laid the foundation for peace with Egypt and Jordan.
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