PSCRP-BESA Reports No 203 (May 15, 2026)
For more than two decades, U.S. policy in Central Asia and the Caspian region was closely linked to the military operation in Afghanistan. The region was viewed primarily as a logistical and political …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 194 (April 4th, 2026)
Epic Fury in the Social Networks: Anti-Israeli and Anti-American Discourses
In the situation described above, a wide range of anti-Israeli and anti-American stereotypes have spread widely across social media. Numerous videos …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 190 (March 17, 2026)
The military operation launched by the United States and Israel against Iran on February 28, 2026 may create serious economic challenges for the countries of Central Asia, particularly …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 179 (January 22, 2026)
Since gaining independence, the Central Asian states have maintained a position of neutrality toward Israel. Following Kazakhstan’s accession to the Abraham Accords on 6 November 2025, Israel may find itself presented with an …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 163 (November 10, 2025)
Kazakhstan’s decision to endorse the Abraham Accords declared on 6 November 2025 in connection with Kazakh president Tokayev’s visit to Washington fits neatly within Astana’s long-standing multi-vector foreign policy, which seeks to …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 156 (September 29, 2025)
The core element in the foreign policy of post-Soviet countries in Central Asia and the South Caucasus is so-called multivectoralism: maintaining relations with multiple global actors without binding themselves exclusively to any …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 143 (July 20, 2025)
On July 3rd 2025, Russia officially recognized the Taliban as the legitimate government of Afghanistan, becoming the first permanent member of the UN Security Council to do so. The announcement was made …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 141 (July 10, 2025)
None of the Muslim states bordering Iran to the northeast (they are usually called ‘stans’, from the Persian word “country”)—including Central Asian post-Soviet states (Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan), Pakistan and Afghanistan …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 114 (February 11, 2025)
In the ongoing geopolitical conflict between Iran and Israel, Iran’s relations with post-Soviet states—especially those with which it shares a direct border—play a crucial role. The tensions between Iran and Azerbaijan, coupled with …
PSCRP-BESA Reports No 108 (Jan 5, 2025)
Faced with new challenges amid the war in Ukraine and increased pressure from Russia, Kazakhstan is taking a series of strategic measures to diversify its hydrocarbon trade and reduce dependence on the Russian …
