Russia

Taliban in Moscow (AI generated)
In July 2025, Russia became the first permanent member of the UN Security Council to officially recognize the Taliban as the legitimate government of Afghanistan. This landmark decision followed years of gradual diplomatic engagement and reflected shifting geopolitical priorities in Moscow. The move carries significant implications for regional security, international law, and the balance of power across Central and South Asia.
Dagestan is one of the few Russian regions where grassroots protest activity remains persistent and visible, despite increasing pressure from the central government. These protests are driven by local grievances ranging from failing infrastructure to unresolved land disputes, and are typically fragmented, spontaneous, and low in impact. However, as this report demonstrates, under certain conditions, they can expose deeper systemic weaknesses and even catalyze broader unrest.
NuclearThreat (AI generated)
Public "nuclear" fears associated with the war in Ukraine are largely related to the threat of tactical nuclear weapons use by Russia. However, the less visible "nuclear" dimension of the war—with more tangible impact—is the effect of the conflict on nuclear sites in Ukraine. This report explores how the conflict has placed Ukraine’s nuclear facilities at the center of a uniquely perilous dimension of modern warfare.
Armenia-Azerbaijan map. Image © 2025 Google
The overall situation between Armenia and Azerbaijan has undergone substantial changes in recent years. Both are engaged in peace negotiations that involve numerous difficult decisions on both sides - from border demarcation to the future of regional infrastructure projects such as the Zangezur Corridor. On April 19, 2024, Armenia agreed to return four abandoned border villages to Azerbaijan as an initial step in border delimitation.
Russia officially became a nationalist state in the summer of 2020, when the constitution was amended to declare Russian the state language as “the language of the state-forming people”. That same summer saw the birth of the “Russian Community”. It has since grown into the most numerous and influential nationalist and “protectionist” movement, displacing both the neo-Nazis and the Cossacks.
Chechnya and Ingushetia (AI generated map)
Chechens (Nokhchi) and Ingush (Galgai) are two closely related peoples. Not only are they neighbors: they share religion (Sufi Sunnism), tribal (teip) social structure, traditions, mutually intelligible languages, and historical fate: both peoples were subject to deportation in 1944. The prerequisites for the territorial dispute were laid with the redrawing of the borders of the restored autonomy after the return of the Vainakhs from deportation.
Tallinn (photo by P. Oskolkov)
On 26 March 2025, the Estonian parliament (Riigikogu) voted on changing the country’s constitution in the part defining who is eligible to vote in local (municipal, in the case of cities) elections. On the surface, this measure does not look extraordinary, however, if we take into account the context of the Estonian sociodemographic situation, it becomes clear why the issue of municipal suffrage turned into one of the most discussed Estonian news topics in recent months.

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